16-Coral reefs are to open oceans as -‘ A) tropical rain forests are to deserts B) deserts are to tropical rain forests 17.Why did average beak size increase in surviving individuals of Danvin’s medium ground finch (and their a progeny) during a period of severe drought in the Galápagos? A) Individuals eating the harder seeds available during the drought developed larger passed Individuals with larger beaks could eat the harder seeds available during smallerbeaks, C) Individuals with larger beaks are always at an advantage. D) The observed change in beak size was purely the result of chance. 18. When the field cricket, Teleogryllus oceamicus, experienced strong selective pressure from a predator that used sound to locate singing males, the frequency of males capable of mating calls decreased in the population. Although this adaptive response was it also had a negative consequence. What was this negative consequence? A) Silent males are unable to attract mates. B) Silent males are also deaf. C) Silent males have defective wings and are unable to fly D) Silent males are unable to attract prey. E) There was no negative consequence 19.Weight at birth of human babies has a genetic component. In one large study, survival in a th of life was shown to be greatest for babies of cobort of babies during the first mon average weight at birth and least for babies with very low or very high weights at birth. Survivors of the first month of life had lower variation in weight at birth than did all babies in the cohort. Differential survival of this kind could result in genes controlling weight at birth. A) stabilizing selection B) directional selection on Cn disruptive seleetion tection 20,Which of the followving types of selection s illstratld by the esxample of the peppered moth Biston betularia? A) stabilizing selection B) directional selection C) disruptive selection D) E) all of the above none of the above 21.An interesting and gratifying footnote to the long-term study of the peppered moth, Biston betularia, in England has been the recent A) increase in the melanistic form. B) stabilization of the melanistic form. C) decline of the melanistic form. D) demonstration that coloration in peppered moths has no selective value. 22 During he summer monhscactis wrems build nests oriented to take adbvantsge of whichof the following? A) prevailing afternoon breezes B) shade cast by large saguaro cacti C) reduced incidence of predation D) ground cover that can break the fall of a nestling pushed from the nest