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T2, most common type of bacteriophages, is thought to have a genome of a. single-stranded DNA b. Single-stranded RNA c. double-stranded RNA d. double-stranded DNA In RNA viruses the simplest form of viral reproduction is that which occurs with the a. positive-strand RNA viruses. b. positive-strand DNA viruses. c. negative-strand RNA viruses. d. negative-strand DNA viruses. a virus that kills its host is said to be a. lysogenic. b. temperate. c. virulent. d. virulent or lysogenic, but not temperate. A prophage replicates a. independently of its host as long as the genes activating its lytic genes are not being expressed. b. along with its host as long as the genes activating its lytic genes are being expressed. c. along with its host as long as the genes activating its lytic genes are not expressed. d. independently of its host as long as the genes activating its lytic genes are being expressed. The metagenome refers to a. all the genes in an organism’s genome b. the total gene content of the organisms present in an environment c. uncharacterized ORFs; proteins that likely exist but whose function is presently unknown d. a mapped genome with the location of the coding and non-coding regions e. a theoretical construction of all the genes based on ORF from bioinformatics Retroviruses a. may cause cancer. b. transcribe DNA from RNA. c. include the virus that causes AIDS. d. do all of the above Which statement is false? a. Viruses are the smallest entity capable of producing infection of a host. b. Some viruses cannot infect a host by itself but need another helper virus. c. Infectious RNA molecules without protein coats are known to infect plants and are the smallest known pathogens. d. Viroids made of protein cause “mad cow disease.” Viral replication is a. independent of the cell’s chromosomes but dependent on the cell itself. b. independent of both the cell’s chromosomes and the cell itself (although the cell does provide convenient matrix for replication). c. dependent on the cell’s chromosomes but independent of the cell itself. d. dependent on both the cell’s chromosomes and the cell itself.