Why are the structural differences among amino-acid-derivative, polypeptide, and Steroids are liquid soluble and cross plasma membrane amino-acid-derivative and polypeptide hormones are longer lived in the blood stream and then amplify signals more highly. Polypeptide hormones are the most structurally complex and permanent changes in target cells. Only polypeptide and steroid hormones bind to in the plasma membrane. What is signal transduction? The binding of a steroid hormone-receptor complex to DNA. The release of a hormone from the anterior pituitary in response to a hypothalamic hormone. The release f a hormone the posterior pituitary in response to action potentials from the hypothalamus. The production of a second chemical messenger inside a cell in response to the binding of a hormone at the cell surface. Which of the following developmental processes is not controlled by hormones? The initial development of male and female gonads, soon after fertilization Overall growth Molting in insects and other invertebrate animals Metamorphosis in insects and other invertebrate animals. What is a hormone-response element? A receptor for a steroid hormone. A receptor for a polypeptide hormone. A segment of DNA where a complex binds An enzyme that is activated in response to hormone binding and produces a second messenger. In hormone systems, when does feedback inhibition occur? When the presence of a hormone inhibits its synthesis. When the presence of a hormone stimulates its synthesis. When the second messenger triggers the phosphorylation of an inhibitory protein. When a hormone from the hypothalamus inhibits the release of a hormone form the anterior pituitary The relationship between the insect hormones eedysterone and prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) is an example of an interaction of the nervous and endocrine systems. homeostasis achieved by positive feedback homeostasis maintained by antagonistic hormones. competitive inhibition of a hormone receptor. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for hypothyroidism in a patient whose iodine level is normal? greater production of T_3 than T_4 hyposecretion of TSH. Hypersecretion of MSH a decrease in the thyroid secretion of calcitonin. Which hormone is incorrectly paired with its action? oxytocin- stimulates uterine contractions during ACTH-stimulates release of glucocorticoids by adrenal cortex. thryoxine – inhibits metabolic processes. melatonin – affects biological rhythms and seasonal reproduction. Steroid and amino-acid-derivative hormones typically have in common their solubility in cell membranes their requirement to travel through the bloodstream the location of their receptors their reliance on signal transduction in the cell.