1. Logic is the study of reason and arguments.
A. True
B. False
2. Philosophy studies life’s most basic questions.
A. True
B. False
3. Philosophical questions are primarily subjective in nature.
A. True
B. False
4. The value of studying philosophy is that it develops youranalytical abilities and your
capacity for abstract thought.
A. True
B. False
5. The word philosophy derives from two ancient Greek words:philia, which means love,
and sophia, which means wisdom.
A. True
B. False
6. Philosophical questions are conceptual in nature; __________deal in probability and
plausibility rather than absolute truth and falsehood.
A. Philosophical uncertainties
B. Philosophical answers
C. Philosophical doubts
D. Philosophical statements
7. A major philosophical concept, ________________, deals withbasic human characteristics
and similar traits in other beings like chimpanzees anddolphins.
A. Personhood
B. Selfhood
C. Self-being
D. Primitive self
Unit 1 Examination
45
Introduction to Philosophy
8. A(n) ________ fallacy involves an argument’s subject matter.
A. Formal
B. Informal
C. Truth
D. False
9. The two parts of an argument are _____.
A. Premises and conclusion
B. Fact and conclusion
C. Premises and falsehoods
D. Facts and truths
10. Another word for the facts, evidence, theories, or ideas thatallegedly lead to an argument’s
claim is _____.
A. Premises
B. Conclusions
C. Formal fallacy
D. Informal fallacy
11. If it’s sunny, Jennifer goes surfi ng. Jennifer went surfi ngtoday. Therefore, it must
have been sunny. This is an excellent illustration of affi rmingthe consequent, a formal
fallacy.
A. True
B. False
12. “A square has four sides” is a necessary and suffi cientcondition for defi ning a
square.
A. True
B. False
13. The potions riddle in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone isan excellent example of
logical thinking.
A. True
B. False
Unit 1 Examination
46
Introduction to Philosophy
14. If someone is a student at Hogwart’s, then he or she isstudying witchcraft and wizardry.
Neville Longbottom is a student at Hogwart’s. Therefore, NevilleLongbottom is
studying witchcraft and wizardry. This is an excellent example ofModus Ponens, or
the Asserting Rule.
A. True
B. False
15. Analytical thinking is the philosophical application ofpsychoanalysis.
A. True
B. False
16. Crossing the fi nish line fi rst in a race in which youcompeted fairly and without cheating
is a necessary and suffi cient condition for you to be thewinner.
A. True
B. False
17. The idea that there is one special person somewhere in theworld that is your destiny
to meet and fall in love with is an example of ______.
A. Fatalism
B. Determinism
C. Free will
D. Pragmatism
18. A theory that claims that all human behavior is the result ofscientifi cally identifi able
natural forces is an example of _____.
A. Fatalism
B. Determinism
C. Free will
D. Pragmatism
19. B.F. Skinner believes that human freedom is impossible.
A. True
B. False
Unit 1 Examination
47
Introduction to Philosophy
20. Freudianism claims that the human personality has neitherconscious nor unconscious
dimensions.
A. True
B. False
21. A “Freudian slip” is an example of how the unconscious candetermine what we say.
A. True
B. False
22. Sartre accepts the idea that _______________, that is, thetheory that our choices
determine our nature.
A. Existence precedes essence
B. Essence precedes existence
C. Free will
D. Determinism
23. The theory of free will implies about responsibility thatbecause our actions result
from our own choices, we are fully responsible for them.
A. True
B. False
24. Aristotle agrees with the following statement: The more weunderstand people, the
more we know how little responsibility they have for theiractions.
A. True
B. False
25. According to Ellis, irrational beliefs prove that determinismis correct.
A. True
B. False

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